Effect of TiB2 Particles on the Tribological Properties of Stainless Steel Matrix Composites

The AISI316L stainless steel composites reinforced with 2,4,6,and 8 vol%titanium diboride（TiB₂） particles were sintered by the high pressure-high temperature method.Ball-on-disk method was carried out to study wear behavior of the composites.Tests were carried out at room temperature.The TiB₂ particles improved the hardness and tribological properties of the composites.The friction coefficient of the composites decreased with the increasing content of TiB₂.The reduction of the wear rate with the increasing of the content of TiB₂ particles in the steel matrix was also observed.It is demonstrated that the friction coefficient of composites with the same content of TiB₂ particles depend on the sintering conditions.     

Intestinal absorption and biological effects of orally administered amorphous silica particles

Although amorphous silica nanoparticles are widely used in the production of food products (e.g., as anticaking agents), there is little information available about their absorption and biological effects after oral exposure. Here, we examined the in vitro intestinal absorption and in vivo biological effects in mice of orally administered amorphous silica particles with diameters of 70, 300, and 1,000 nm (nSP70, mSP300, and mSP1000, respectively) and of nSP70 that had been surface-modified with carboxyl or amine groups (nSP70-C and nSP70-N, respectively). Analysis of intestinal absorption by means of the everted gut sac method combined with an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer showed that the intestinal absorption of nSP70-C was significantly greater than that of nSP70. The absorption of nSP70-N tended to be greater than that of nSP70; however, the results were not statistically significant. Our results indicate that silica nanoparticles can be absorbed through the intestine and that particle diameter and surface properties are major determinants of the degree of absorption. We also examined the biological effects of the silica particles after 28-day oral exposure in mice. Hematological, histopathological, and biochemical analyses showed no significant differences between control mice and mice treated with the silica particles, suggesting that the silica nanoparticles evaluated in this study are safe for use in food production.     

高温气冷堆内含硼碳材料吸湿特性与扩散系数研究

高温气冷堆（HTGR）是世界上首座具有第四代核电特征的堆型，堆内装载了大量石墨和碳作为结构材料和燃料元件基体。碳素材料是一种多孔材料，常温下吸附空气中的水分等杂质。高温气冷堆的初装堆除湿过程和事故后除湿过程，由水分扩散性能决定。通过含硼碳（BC）材料动态吸湿实验得到水分质量变化曲线，将其与模拟结果拟合得到材料中水分的有效扩散系数D_e＝7.30×10^-10 m²/s。通过吸湿实验得到湿度和温度对平衡吸湿量的影响。环境湿度越高，平衡吸湿量越大，二者近似呈线性关系；温度越高，平衡吸湿量越小。     

Optical absorption of dilute nitride alloys using self-consistent Green’s function method

We have calculated the optical absorption for InGaNAs and GaNSb using the band anticrossing (BAC) model and a self-consistent Green’s function (SCGF) method. In the BAC model, we include the interaction of isolated and pair N levels with the host matrix conduction and valence bands. In the SCGF approach, we include a full distribution of N states, with non-parabolic conduction and light-hole bands, and parabolic heavy-hole and spin-split-off bands. The comparison with experiments shows that the first model accounts for many features of the absorption spectrum in InGaNAs; including the full distribution of N states improves this agreement. Our calculated absorption spectra for GaNSb alloys predict the band edges correctly but show more features than are seen experimentally. This suggests the presence of more disorder in GaNSb alloys in comparison with InGaNAs.     

Impedance and dielectric analysis of polycrystalline undoped and Fe doped SnS2

Polycrystalline Sn_1−xFe_xS₂ samples with (x=0, 0.125, 0.250 and 0.375) have been prepared by the molten salt solid state reaction method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) shows that all the samples crystallize in the hexagonal structure, with P-3m1 space group in preferred orientation of (011). The electrical properties have been studied by complex impedance spectroscopy over the frequency range (20 Hz up to 1 MHz) at room temperature. The Nyquist plot for all samples have been fitted using ZMAN software. The impedance analysis showed that all samples exhibit both bulk and grain boundary contributions and it was found that by increasing the iron content, the resistance increases, but, the dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent decrease which leads to decrease in conduction. The absorption coefficient (α) has been calculated from the complex dielectric constant. Interestingly, there was a significant correlation between the electromagnetic wave absorption and the reduction in the peak intensity of the XRD patterns indicating that when the iron content increases the sample seems to be a good absorber of electromagnetic waves.     

传质分离过程理论塔板数的简捷计算

本文在图解法的基础上,通过分析理论塔板与操作线、平衡线之间的关系,建立了适用于气体吸收、液体精馏及液液萃取过程的传质单元数与理论板数间的对应关系,并利用工业低含量物质传质过程,对此关系式进行验证。与实际比较,结果基本一致,且计算过程简单、快捷,可帮助学生加深对传质过程的认识。     

储配站进出站压力匹配分析

对于没有压缩机组的储配站来说,在出站压力一定的情况下,由于站场内部的压力损失,其进站压力受到一定的限制。针对此情况,笔者对站场的压力损失展开研究,并深入分析了确定管段局部压力损失的途径,得到直接利用求得的管段总局部阻力系数计算局部压力损失的方法。然后,通过对实际站场的研究,最终确定不同流量下该储配站进、出站压力的匹配情况。这样既可以指导调度中心决策的制定,又能够为站场压力调节工作提供依据,有效避免了调度中心与站场之间工作中的矛盾。